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ABSTRACT |
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Two recent articles on the ophiolites of
Central Luzon and ophiolite associations
in Northern Luzon offer new
interpretations as to their genesis.
Encarnacion and others (1993) propose a
contemporaneous Eocene arc-back arc pair
origin for the Zambales and Angat
ophiolites td Central Luzon on the basis
of zircon U-Pb geochronology. The other
paper by Florendo (1994) postulates a
Late Oligocene-Early Miocene intra-arc
rifting in northern Luzon that led to
the formation of new oceanic crust
represented by the so-called Itogon
Ophiolite in southern Central Cordillera
These models are shown to suffer from
substantial weaknesses in terms of
stratigraphic incongruities and infirm
assumptions Earlier studies clearly
indicate that the Late Eocene
sedimentary cover of the Zambales
ophiolite (located on the western side
of Central Luzon) was deposited in deep
open ocean that is far from terrestial
sources, which precludes a source that
might correspond to the ancient Sierra
Madre arc. On the eastern side of
Central Luzon, the Cretaceous
(Turonian-(Coniacian) dating of the
Angat Ophiolite is well established on
the basis of paleontologic dating of its
sedimentary cover. The Eocene dating of
silicic material presumably associated
with the Angat Ophiolite would indicate
two ophiolite bodies juxtaposed in a
single north-south belt. Moreover, there
is difficulty in identifying the
volcanic and sedimentary carapace of the
proposed Eocene ophiolite, which could
be a subject for further research. As
for the so-called Itogon Ophiolite,
studies indicate that the plutons in
Central Cordillera are made up mostly of
Oligocene to Late Miocene diorites, and
gabbros constitute a very small
proportion. Two gabbro samples were
dated 29 and 32 Ma, equivalent to Middle
Oligocene (Maleterre, 1989), which is
somewhat earlier than the supposed
intra-arc rifting event. Furthermore,
the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Halfway
Creek Formation of Florendo, which is
supposed to represent the
volcanic-sedimentary cover to the ltogon
Ophiolite is actually equivalent to the
Zigzag Formation, which is essentially a
thick sequence of clastic rocks, with
few if any intercalations of volcanic
flows. However, a pre-Oligocene
ophiolitic basement might exist in the
Central Cordillera, and this could be a
more fruitful subject of future
research.
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